Sao Nicolau is located in the middle of the windward group of islands of the Cape Verdean archipelago. The nearest large islands are Santa Luzia, 28 miles to the north-west, and Boa Vista, 68 miles to the east.
The island is of volcanic origin. The highest point of the island is mounting Monte Gordo - 1304 meters above sea level.
The island has two major cities - the capital Ribeira Brava and Tarrafal de San Nicolau on the east coast.
The most visited place by yachts is Tarrafal de Sao Nicolau.